SUBJECT INDEX
323
distribution pattern, &19
effect of water chemistry, 2, 9, 11, 21,
23, 29, 30, 54, 62
effect of weather, 28, 29-30
field methods, 6-12
historical aspects of distribution and
abundance, 20-28
individual, 40, 56-62
lake-dwelling, 1-71
living places, 6-8, 29, 30-34
parasites, 41, 43, 44
predators, 34, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 47,
reproduction, 42, 43
sampling methods, 10
stream-dwelling, 6, 58
taxonomy, P 6 , 47, 61
total population, 15, 53-56
food Of, 28, 34-40
49
Triturus helveticus (Razoumowski), 46
Trophic dyhamic analysis (Energetics),
Trophic efficiency model (Energet,ics),
Trophic levels, 76, 93-94, 95, 98, 107,
77, 95-103
83, 104, 107
120
herbivore - carnivore, 9 8
Tropical waters, 124, 127, 130,131,133,
136, 137, 164, 157, 159, 171, 173,
177, 187
Tsetse flies, 34
Tubificidae, 35, 53
Tullgren extractor, 101, 102
Turnover rates (Energetics), 82
U
Uganda, Queen Elizabeth National
Park, 103
Uist, 3, 23, 26
Urbana, Illinois, U.S.A., 85
Urceolaria, 49
U.S.A., 85, 132, 134, 153, 173, 176
Atomic Energy Commission, Georgia,
99
Ussie, Loch, 22
U.S.S.R., 26, 173
V
Valdiviella, 183
Vapour pressure, 79
Velella, 185
Venus mercenaria, 184
Vesper sparrows, 99
Voles, 102, 300
W
Wadden, Sea, 143
Wageningen, The Netherlands, 218
Wales, 12, 15, 17, 18, 21, 24, 54, 59, 89
Warburg respirometer, 81
Washington State, U.S.A., 132, 151
Water chemistry, 2,9,21, 23,29,30,54,
62
Water lily, 7
Waters
Antarctic, 130, 134, 157, 159, 169,
Arctic, 130, 134, 151, 153, 164, 155,
boreal, 127, 158, 171, 173, 176, 177
eutrophig, 7, 54
inshore, 127, 135, 142, 143, 147, 148,
offshore, 157, 158, 159, 176, 190
oligotrophic, 7, 121, 123, 124, 157,
Pacific, 136, 158, 171, 173, 183
polluted estuary waters, 138, 157
stenohaline brackish, 134
subtropioal, 134, 136, 157, 171, 176
temperate, 127-128, 130, 148, 156,
169, 1'72, 183
tropical, 124, 127, 130, 131, 133, 136,
137, 154, 167, 169, 171, 173, 176,
177, 187
verticalexchange, 121,132,136, 159,
190
173
161, 169, 173, 178
158, E 9 , 176, 190
177, 1'78
Weasel, blue-grass vole-least, 102
Welsh coast islands, 12
Weat Africit, 136
Western islands (Britain), 2, 21, 22, 23,
26, 27
WestfieldCollege, London, England, 112
Wheat, 86
White-tailell deer, 103
Wilcoxon's test, 252
Windermere, 7, 8, 12, 28, 32, 60
Winkler method, 120
Winter moth, 291, 294
Woods Holo, 122, 153, 156, 166
w o r n
enchytraoid, 88, 89
nematodo, 88
323
distribution pattern, &19
effect of water chemistry, 2, 9, 11, 21,
23, 29, 30, 54, 62
effect of weather, 28, 29-30
field methods, 6-12
historical aspects of distribution and
abundance, 20-28
individual, 40, 56-62
lake-dwelling, 1-71
living places, 6-8, 29, 30-34
parasites, 41, 43, 44
predators, 34, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 47,
reproduction, 42, 43
sampling methods, 10
stream-dwelling, 6, 58
taxonomy, P 6 , 47, 61
total population, 15, 53-56
food Of, 28, 34-40
49
Triturus helveticus (Razoumowski), 46
Trophic dyhamic analysis (Energetics),
Trophic efficiency model (Energet,ics),
Trophic levels, 76, 93-94, 95, 98, 107,
77, 95-103
83, 104, 107
120
herbivore - carnivore, 9 8
Tropical waters, 124, 127, 130,131,133,
136, 137, 164, 157, 159, 171, 173,
177, 187
Tsetse flies, 34
Tubificidae, 35, 53
Tullgren extractor, 101, 102
Turnover rates (Energetics), 82
U
Uganda, Queen Elizabeth National
Park, 103
Uist, 3, 23, 26
Urbana, Illinois, U.S.A., 85
Urceolaria, 49
U.S.A., 85, 132, 134, 153, 173, 176
Atomic Energy Commission, Georgia,
99
Ussie, Loch, 22
U.S.S.R., 26, 173
V
Valdiviella, 183
Vapour pressure, 79
Velella, 185
Venus mercenaria, 184
Vesper sparrows, 99
Voles, 102, 300
W
Wadden, Sea, 143
Wageningen, The Netherlands, 218
Wales, 12, 15, 17, 18, 21, 24, 54, 59, 89
Warburg respirometer, 81
Washington State, U.S.A., 132, 151
Water chemistry, 2,9,21, 23,29,30,54,
62
Water lily, 7
Waters
Antarctic, 130, 134, 157, 159, 169,
Arctic, 130, 134, 151, 153, 164, 155,
boreal, 127, 158, 171, 173, 176, 177
eutrophig, 7, 54
inshore, 127, 135, 142, 143, 147, 148,
offshore, 157, 158, 159, 176, 190
oligotrophic, 7, 121, 123, 124, 157,
Pacific, 136, 158, 171, 173, 183
polluted estuary waters, 138, 157
stenohaline brackish, 134
subtropioal, 134, 136, 157, 171, 176
temperate, 127-128, 130, 148, 156,
169, 1'72, 183
tropical, 124, 127, 130, 131, 133, 136,
137, 154, 167, 169, 171, 173, 176,
177, 187
verticalexchange, 121,132,136, 159,
190
173
161, 169, 173, 178
158, E 9 , 176, 190
177, 1'78
Weasel, blue-grass vole-least, 102
Welsh coast islands, 12
Weat Africit, 136
Western islands (Britain), 2, 21, 22, 23,
26, 27
WestfieldCollege, London, England, 112
Wheat, 86
White-tailell deer, 103
Wilcoxon's test, 252
Windermere, 7, 8, 12, 28, 32, 60
Winkler method, 120
Winter moth, 291, 294
Woods Holo, 122, 153, 156, 166
w o r n
enchytraoid, 88, 89
nematodo, 88