TABLE I. - continued
Trees
Betula
Betula
Betula
Bet&
Betula
Betulu
Betula
Betula
Betulu
Betula maztmo- maz!mo- maximoAlnm
verrucoaa vermc08a v e m c o ~ a v e m o e a vemcoaa verrucoaa vemcoaa wiczzana wiczzana wicziana incana
Location
Moscow
East
Central
North Moscow Central Moscow Hokkaido Hokkaido Hokkaido
East
Status
Stand Number
Age o f trees in years
Tree height in metres
Number of trees per
hectare
Living plants
Tree layer
Whole canopy
Fruit
Leaves
Branches
Trunks
Shrub layer
Above ground
Herb layer
Above ground
Roots
On trees (branches)
Litter on ground (L,
Dead plant material
U.S.S.R. England England Sweden U.S.S.R. England U.S.S.R.
Japan
Natural Plantation Natural Natural Natural Natural Natural Natural
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
20
22
24
25
40
55
67
47
11
-
9
12
19
18
26
-
-
-
-
4 0 2 8
4 9 9 0
2 350
-
880
15.1
17.7
14.2
8.5
16.0
29.5
14.1
12.9
0
3.8
-
2.4
2.7
3.3
2.5
2-8
1.8
11.3
-
11.8
5.8
12.7
27.0
11.3
11.1
45.7
43.1
48.0
38.9
190.7
134.5
156.7
77.7
0
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0
-
-
0
0
-
F and H)
Removed aa harvested
Reference
K
D
L
M
K
L
K
H
-
-
-
-
0
0
0
trunks
-
Japan
Natural
41
47
-
-
14.7
0
2.6
12.1
128.3
0
-
-
-
-
-
H
Japan
England
Natural
Planted
42
43
47
22
-
12
-
1 6 5 6
17.0
28.0
2.2
-
14.8
-
100.0
83.1
0
0
-
0
-
5.4
-
13.9
H
D