7. MONOSACCHARIDES AND OLIGOSACCHARIDES
339
TABLE V
REDUCING DI- AND HIGHER SACCHARIDES OF PHYSIOLOGICAL ORIGIN
Structure
G\/2G
G\/3G
G\/4G
G \/ 4G V 4G
G \/ 4G V 4G \/ 4G
G/\2G
G/\3G
G/\4G
G/\6G
X/\6G
A/\6G
GA — 2GA
Ga \/ 6G
Trivial name
Kojibiose
Nigerose
Maltose
Maltotriose
Maltotetraose
Sophorose
Laminaribiose
Cellobiose
Gentiobiose
Primeverose
Vicianose
—
Melibiose
Ga \/ 6Ga \/ 6G Manninotriose
G /\ 3Ga
G /\ 3Ga
2
V
Rh
G /\ 3Ga
Solatriose
Solatriose
Solabiose
G /\ 2G /\ 4Ga Lycotetraose
3
Λ
X
Rh /\ 6G
Rutinose
Source
Aspergillus oryzae fermentation
Beer
Rat diaphragm muscle
Rat liver
Honeydew on Trifolium
hybridum
Many plant extracts
Rat diaphragm
Rat liver
Plant extracts
Chlorella
As for maltotriose
Plant glycosides
a
Sophora japonica L.
a
Stevia rebaudiana
a
Needles of Pinus sylvestris
Glycolipid of Ustilago zeae
a '
b
Gentiana spp.
a
Plant glycosides
a
Macrozamin from Macrozamia
spiralis and M. riedlei
Plant glycosides
a
Glycyrrhinic acid°
,fe
Traces in honey, honeydew
Accompanies stachyose, etc. (q.\
α-Solanin (Solarium spp.)
a
a-Solanin (Solarium spp.)
a
/3-Solanin (Solarium spp.)
a
a-Tomatin
a
Plant glycosides
0
References
(236)
(236a)
(237)
(238)
(239)
—
(237)
(238)
—
(238)
—
(203)
mo) (2U)
(Π2)
(242a)
(203)
(203)
(242b)
(203)
(242c)
'·)
(243)
(243)
(243)
(244)
(203, 245)
a The sugar is found in glycosidic combination.
6 The sugar component has been proved to have the structure indicated but has not
so far been isolated in the unhydrolyzed state.