7. MONOSACCHARIDES AND OLIGOSACCHARIDES
337
Oligosaccharides based on a sucrose moiety have so far been found
to contain in addition units derived from only D-glucose or D-galactose.
Table III indicates the structures and sources of these substances.
B. REDUCING OLIGOSACCHARIDES
1. Lactose and Oligosaccharides Derived from Lactose
Lactose was first discovered to be present in milk by Fabriccio
Bartoletti in 1615 and, as has been remarked above, is frequently stated
to be a product peculiar to lactating females of the mammalian class.
TABLE IV
LACTOSE-DERIVED OLIGOSACCHARIDES FROM HUMAN MILK (235, 235a)
Structure
Trivial name
Ga/\4G
[Ga /\ 4G]«
2
V
Fuc
[Ga/\4G]
2
3
V V
Fuc Fuc
Ga /\ 3Gnac /\ [3Ga /\ 4G]
Ga /\ 3Gnac /\ [3Ga /\ 4G]
2
V
Fuc
Ga /\ 3Gnac /\ [3Ga /\ 4G]
4
V
Fuc
Ga /\ 3Gnac /\ [3Ga /\ 4G]
2
4
V
V
Fuc
Fuc
Ga /\ 3Gnac
4
V
Fuc
/\[3Ga/\4G]
3
V
Fuc
Lactose
Fucosyllactose
Ga
2 -a:-L-fucosyl lactose
Lactodifucotetraose
Ga
2 -G
3 -(di-a-L-fucosyl lactose)
Lacto-iV-tetraose
Lacto-iV-pentaose I
Lacto-iV-pentaose II
Lacto-iV-fucohexose I
Lacto-iV-fucohexaose II
α The lactose moiety is bracketed.