2. STEROLS: STRUCTURE AND DISTRIBUTION
157
9. W. Bergmann, in "Organic Geochemistry" (I. A. Breger, ed.) Pergamon,
New York, 1959.
10. W. Bergmann, /. Biol. Chem. 132, 471-472 (1940).
11. P. R. Moore and C. A. Baumann, /. Biol. Chem. 195, 615-621 (1952); D. R.
Idler and C. A. Baumann, /. Biol. Chem. 195, 623-628 (1952); W. L.
Miller, Jr., and C. A. Baumann, Proc. Soc. Exptl. Biol. Med. 85, 561-564
(1954).
12. W. W. Wells, D. L. Coleman, and C. A. Baumann, Arch. Biochem.
Biophys.
57, 437-444 (1955).
13. W. M. Stokes, Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 67, 272-279 (1957).
14. L. F. Fieser and M. Fieser, "Natural Products Related to Phenanthrene," 3rd
ed. Reinhold, New York, 1949.
15. J. S. G. Cox, L. B. High, and E. R. H. Jones, Proc. Chem. Soc. pp. 234235 (1958).
16. A. R. H. Cole, Fortschr. Chem. org. Naturstoffe 13, 1-69 (1956).
17. W. Bergmann and E. M. Low, /. Org. Chem. 12, 67-75 (1947).
18. W. Bergmann, Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. 4, 383-426 (1953).
19. O. N. Breivik, J. L. Owades, and R. F. Light, /. Org. Chem. 19, 1734-1740
(1954).
20. Y. Toyama and F. Shibano, Nippon Kagaku Zasshi 64, 322-325 (1943).
21. W. Bergmann, R. J. Feeney, and A. N. Swift, /. Org. Chem. 16, 1337-1344
(1951).
22. K. Tsuda, R. Hayatsu, Y. Kishida, and S. Akagi, /. Am. Chem. Soc. 80, 921925 (1958).
23. A. Windaus and R. Langer, Ann. 508, 105-114 (1934).
24. A. Windaus and G. Trautmann, Z. physiol. Chem. Hoppe Seylers 247, 185188 (1937).
25. W. L. Ruigh, /. Am. Chem. Soc. 64, 1900-1902 (1942).
26. K. Dobriner, E. R. Katzenellenbogen, and R. N. Jones, "Infrared Absorption
Spectra of Steroids.\ Interscience, New York, 1953.
27. W. Wunderlich, Z. physiol Chem. Hoppe Seylers 241, 116-124 (1936).
28. O. Linsert, Z. physiol. Chem. Hoppe Seylers 241, 125-128 (1936).
29. W. Bergmann, A. M. Lyon, and M. J. McLean, /. Org. Chem. 9, 290-292
(1944).
30. O. Wintersteiner and W. L. Ruigh, /. Am. Chem. Soc. 64, 1177-1179
(1942).
31. D. H. R. Barton, J. Chem. Soc. pp. 813-819 (1945); pp. 512-522 (1946).
32. K. Tsuda, S. Akagi, and Y. Kishida, Science 126, 927-928 (1957).
33. U. H. M. Fagerlund and D. R. Idler, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 79, 6473-6475
(1957).
34. W. Bergmann and J. P. Dusza, /. Org. Chem. 23, 459-461 (1958).
35. W. M. Stokes, W. A. Fish, and F. C. Hickey, /. Biol. Chem. 220, 415-430
(1956).
36. W. Bergmann and J. P. Dusza, /. Org. Chem. 23, 1245-1247 (1958).
37. D. R. Idler and U. H. M. Fagerlund, /. Am. Chem. Soc. 77, 4142-4144
(1955).
38. W. Bergmann and J. P. Dusza, Ann. 603, 36-43 (1957).
39. D. R. Idler and U. H. M. Fagerlund, /. Am. Chem. Soc. 79, 1988-1991
(1957).
40. E. Fernholz and W. L. Ruigh, /. Am. Chem. Soc. 62, 3346-3348 (1940).
41. E. Fernholz and W. L. Ruigh, /. Am. Chem. Soc. 63, 1157-1159 (1941).
157
9. W. Bergmann, in "Organic Geochemistry" (I. A. Breger, ed.) Pergamon,
New York, 1959.
10. W. Bergmann, /. Biol. Chem. 132, 471-472 (1940).
11. P. R. Moore and C. A. Baumann, /. Biol. Chem. 195, 615-621 (1952); D. R.
Idler and C. A. Baumann, /. Biol. Chem. 195, 623-628 (1952); W. L.
Miller, Jr., and C. A. Baumann, Proc. Soc. Exptl. Biol. Med. 85, 561-564
(1954).
12. W. W. Wells, D. L. Coleman, and C. A. Baumann, Arch. Biochem.
Biophys.
57, 437-444 (1955).
13. W. M. Stokes, Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 67, 272-279 (1957).
14. L. F. Fieser and M. Fieser, "Natural Products Related to Phenanthrene," 3rd
ed. Reinhold, New York, 1949.
15. J. S. G. Cox, L. B. High, and E. R. H. Jones, Proc. Chem. Soc. pp. 234235 (1958).
16. A. R. H. Cole, Fortschr. Chem. org. Naturstoffe 13, 1-69 (1956).
17. W. Bergmann and E. M. Low, /. Org. Chem. 12, 67-75 (1947).
18. W. Bergmann, Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. 4, 383-426 (1953).
19. O. N. Breivik, J. L. Owades, and R. F. Light, /. Org. Chem. 19, 1734-1740
(1954).
20. Y. Toyama and F. Shibano, Nippon Kagaku Zasshi 64, 322-325 (1943).
21. W. Bergmann, R. J. Feeney, and A. N. Swift, /. Org. Chem. 16, 1337-1344
(1951).
22. K. Tsuda, R. Hayatsu, Y. Kishida, and S. Akagi, /. Am. Chem. Soc. 80, 921925 (1958).
23. A. Windaus and R. Langer, Ann. 508, 105-114 (1934).
24. A. Windaus and G. Trautmann, Z. physiol. Chem. Hoppe Seylers 247, 185188 (1937).
25. W. L. Ruigh, /. Am. Chem. Soc. 64, 1900-1902 (1942).
26. K. Dobriner, E. R. Katzenellenbogen, and R. N. Jones, "Infrared Absorption
Spectra of Steroids.\ Interscience, New York, 1953.
27. W. Wunderlich, Z. physiol Chem. Hoppe Seylers 241, 116-124 (1936).
28. O. Linsert, Z. physiol. Chem. Hoppe Seylers 241, 125-128 (1936).
29. W. Bergmann, A. M. Lyon, and M. J. McLean, /. Org. Chem. 9, 290-292
(1944).
30. O. Wintersteiner and W. L. Ruigh, /. Am. Chem. Soc. 64, 1177-1179
(1942).
31. D. H. R. Barton, J. Chem. Soc. pp. 813-819 (1945); pp. 512-522 (1946).
32. K. Tsuda, S. Akagi, and Y. Kishida, Science 126, 927-928 (1957).
33. U. H. M. Fagerlund and D. R. Idler, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 79, 6473-6475
(1957).
34. W. Bergmann and J. P. Dusza, /. Org. Chem. 23, 459-461 (1958).
35. W. M. Stokes, W. A. Fish, and F. C. Hickey, /. Biol. Chem. 220, 415-430
(1956).
36. W. Bergmann and J. P. Dusza, /. Org. Chem. 23, 1245-1247 (1958).
37. D. R. Idler and U. H. M. Fagerlund, /. Am. Chem. Soc. 77, 4142-4144
(1955).
38. W. Bergmann and J. P. Dusza, Ann. 603, 36-43 (1957).
39. D. R. Idler and U. H. M. Fagerlund, /. Am. Chem. Soc. 79, 1988-1991
(1957).
40. E. Fernholz and W. L. Ruigh, /. Am. Chem. Soc. 62, 3346-3348 (1940).
41. E. Fernholz and W. L. Ruigh, /. Am. Chem. Soc. 63, 1157-1159 (1941).