92
F. B. SHORLAND
quate classification of biochemical substances. The question of discerning what is and what is not useful as a signpost in the direction of
the evolutionary process is still far from decided.
Thus it is perhaps not surprising that in the field of lipids the types
and distribution of fatty acids have not provided a simple means for
the classification of organisms except in certain restricted parts of the
animal and plant kingdoms. Nevertheless, there are found some connections between the types of fatty acids elaborated and biological
classification. It is possible that a greater knowledge of the occurrence
of fatty acid types in lipids could provide a more positive guide of
wide application in the classification of plant and animal species, and
permit correlations between the chemical make-up of organisms and
their position on the phylogenetic scale.
References
1. A. Mayer and G. Schaeffer, Compt. rend. acad. sei. 159, 102-105 (1914).,
2. E. F. Terroine, Ann. sei. nat. zool 4, 10-60 (1920).
3. T. P. Hilditch, "The Chemical Constitution of Natural Fats," 3rd ed. Chapman and Hall, London, 1956.
4. B. Horowitz and G. Winter, Nature 179, 582-583 (1957).
5. J. Cason, C. F. Allen, W. De Acetis, and G. J. Fonkin, /. Biol. Chem. 220,
893-904 (1956).
6. A. R. Penfold and F. R. Morrison, Perfumery Essent. Oil Record 44, 80-81,
121 (1953).
7. R. T. Baker and H. G. Smith, "A Research on the Eucalypts and Their
Essential Oils," 2nd ed. Sydney, Australia, 1920.
8. A. R. Penfold and F. R. Morrison, /. Proc. Roy. Soc. N.S. Wales 61, 54-67
(1927).
9. C. Barnard, Econ. Botany 6, 3-17 (1952).
10. F. L. Pyman, /. Chem. Soc. pp. 1679-1687 (1914).
11. I. R. C. Bick, E. S. Ewen, and A. R. Todd, J. Chem. Soc. pp. 2767-2774
(1949).
12. A. Bracken, "The Chemistry of Micro-organisms." Pitman, London, 1956.
13. E. C. Bate-Smith, Sei. Proc. Roy. Dublin Soc. 27, 165-176 (1956).
14. D. W. Micks, Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 49, 576-581 (1956).
15. D. W. Micks, Nature 174, 217-218 (1954).
16. R. P. Hansen, F. B. Shorland, and N. J. Cooke, Biochem. J. 58, 513-517
(1954).
17. I. M. Morice and F. B. Shorland, Biochem. J. 64, 461-464 (1956).
18. R. P. Hansen, F. B. Shorland, and N. J. Cooke, /. Sei. Food Agr. 9, 391-396
(1958).
19. E. Jantzen and H. Witgert, Fette u. Seifen 46, 563-569 (1939).
20. H. Nobori, J. Soc. Chem. Ind. Japan 45, 48-49B Suppl. (1942).
21. D. H. S. Horn, F. W. Hougen, E. van Rudloff, and D. A. Sutton, /. Chem.
Soc. pp. 177-180 (1954).
22. A. C. Chibnall, S. H. Piper, and E. F. Williams, Biochem. J. 30, 100-144
(1936).
23. K. E. Murray and R. Schoenfeld, Australian J. Chem. 8, 437-443 (1955).
F. B. SHORLAND
quate classification of biochemical substances. The question of discerning what is and what is not useful as a signpost in the direction of
the evolutionary process is still far from decided.
Thus it is perhaps not surprising that in the field of lipids the types
and distribution of fatty acids have not provided a simple means for
the classification of organisms except in certain restricted parts of the
animal and plant kingdoms. Nevertheless, there are found some connections between the types of fatty acids elaborated and biological
classification. It is possible that a greater knowledge of the occurrence
of fatty acid types in lipids could provide a more positive guide of
wide application in the classification of plant and animal species, and
permit correlations between the chemical make-up of organisms and
their position on the phylogenetic scale.
References
1. A. Mayer and G. Schaeffer, Compt. rend. acad. sei. 159, 102-105 (1914).,
2. E. F. Terroine, Ann. sei. nat. zool 4, 10-60 (1920).
3. T. P. Hilditch, "The Chemical Constitution of Natural Fats," 3rd ed. Chapman and Hall, London, 1956.
4. B. Horowitz and G. Winter, Nature 179, 582-583 (1957).
5. J. Cason, C. F. Allen, W. De Acetis, and G. J. Fonkin, /. Biol. Chem. 220,
893-904 (1956).
6. A. R. Penfold and F. R. Morrison, Perfumery Essent. Oil Record 44, 80-81,
121 (1953).
7. R. T. Baker and H. G. Smith, "A Research on the Eucalypts and Their
Essential Oils," 2nd ed. Sydney, Australia, 1920.
8. A. R. Penfold and F. R. Morrison, /. Proc. Roy. Soc. N.S. Wales 61, 54-67
(1927).
9. C. Barnard, Econ. Botany 6, 3-17 (1952).
10. F. L. Pyman, /. Chem. Soc. pp. 1679-1687 (1914).
11. I. R. C. Bick, E. S. Ewen, and A. R. Todd, J. Chem. Soc. pp. 2767-2774
(1949).
12. A. Bracken, "The Chemistry of Micro-organisms." Pitman, London, 1956.
13. E. C. Bate-Smith, Sei. Proc. Roy. Dublin Soc. 27, 165-176 (1956).
14. D. W. Micks, Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 49, 576-581 (1956).
15. D. W. Micks, Nature 174, 217-218 (1954).
16. R. P. Hansen, F. B. Shorland, and N. J. Cooke, Biochem. J. 58, 513-517
(1954).
17. I. M. Morice and F. B. Shorland, Biochem. J. 64, 461-464 (1956).
18. R. P. Hansen, F. B. Shorland, and N. J. Cooke, /. Sei. Food Agr. 9, 391-396
(1958).
19. E. Jantzen and H. Witgert, Fette u. Seifen 46, 563-569 (1939).
20. H. Nobori, J. Soc. Chem. Ind. Japan 45, 48-49B Suppl. (1942).
21. D. H. S. Horn, F. W. Hougen, E. van Rudloff, and D. A. Sutton, /. Chem.
Soc. pp. 177-180 (1954).
22. A. C. Chibnall, S. H. Piper, and E. F. Williams, Biochem. J. 30, 100-144
(1936).
23. K. E. Murray and R. Schoenfeld, Australian J. Chem. 8, 437-443 (1955).