CHAPTER 10
Comparative Biochemistry of Electron Transport
and Oxidative Phosphorylation
ERIC E. CONN*
Department of Biochemistry, University of California,
Davis, California
I. Introduction
441
II. The Cytochrome Respiratory Chain
443
A. Components of the Chain
...
443
B. Oxidation-Reduction Potentials
447
C. Cellular Localization of the Respiratory Chain
447
D. Distribution of the Cytochrome Chain
454
III. Oxidative Phosphorylation
...
458
A. Early Studies
458
B. Energy Relationships
459
C. Cellular Localization of Oxidative Phosphorylation
....
460
D. Methodology
460
E. P/O Ratios
...
462
F. Sites of Phosphorylation
465
G. Mechanism of Oxidative Phosphorylation
.
...
467
H. Occurrence of Oxidative Phosphorylation
471
IV. Other Respiratory Pathways
472
A. Ascorbic Acid Oxidase
473
B. Phenol Oxidases
475
C. Flavoproteins
....
476
D. Cyanide-Insensitive Respiration
477
V. Conclusion
478
References
479
I. Introduction
In their recent review, Krebs and Kornberg (J) divide the release
of energy from foodstuffs by living organisms into three phases. The
first of these phases is composed of processes in which the foodstuffs
are converted to smaller component molecules. The carbohydrates are
converted to hexoses, proteins to amino acids, and fats to glycerol and
fatty acids. Relatively little energy is released in these reactions and
that which is, appears as heat.
* Present address: Low Temperature Research Laboratory, Cambridge, England.
441