TABLE III
ENERGETICS OF BIOLOGICALLY CATALYZED LITHO-OXIDATIONS
Organism
Nitrcsomonas spp.
Nitrobacter spp.
Thiobacillus thioparus
T. thiooxidans
T. denitrificans
T. thiocyanooxidans
T. ferrooxidans
Leptothrix ochracea
Hydrogenomonas spp.
Desulfovibrio desulfuricans
Beggiatoa spp.
Bacillus oligocarbophilus
Bacillus methanicus
Reaction
NH
3 + HÖ2 = HN0
2 + H
2 0
NH
4
+
+ %0
2 = NO2- + H
2 0 + 2H+
HNO2 + HOi = HNO3
N0
2 - + M0
2 = NO35Na
2 S
2 0
3 + H
2 0 + 40
2 = 5Na
2 S0
4 + H
2 S0
4 + 4S
S + V
2 0
2 + H
2 0 = H
2 S0
4
5Na
2 S
2 0
3 + 8KNO3 + 2NaHC0
3
= 6Na
2 S0
4 + 4K
2 S0
4 + 4N
2 + 2C0
2 + H
2 0
NH
4 CNS + 20
2 + 2H
2 0 = (NH
4 )
2 S0
4 + C0
2
Fe
2+
= Fe
3+
+ e
4FeC0
3 + 0
2 + 6H
2 0 = 4Fe(OH)
3 + 4C0
2
H
2 + y
2 0
2
= H
2 0
Na
2 S0
4 + 4H
2 = Na
2 S + 4H
2 0
S0
4
2
" + 4H
2 = S + 4H
2 0
H
2 S + y
2 0
2
= H
2 0 + S
S + ^0
2 + H
2 0 = H
2 S0
4
CO + 3^0
2 = C0
2
CH
4 + 20
2 = C0
2 + 2H
2 0
— AH298°
(kcal.)
79
21.6
500.3
141.8
912.8
220
81
68.3
60
32.5
141.8
74
212.6
— AF°29S°
(kcal.)
66.5
17.5
118
893
11.3
40
57.4
29.7
41.5
118.5
66
194.6
References
0
(a)
Φ)
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Φ)
(c)
(c)
(d)
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Φ)
(b)
(b)
0
REFERENCES: (a) S. Winogradsky, Ann. Inst. Pasteur 4, 213 (1890); (6) L. G. M. Baas-Becking and G. S. Parks, Physiol. Revs. 7,
85 (1927); (c) R. L. Starkey, J. Gen. Physiol. 18, 325 (1935); (d) M. W. Beijerinck, Koninhl. Ned. Akad. Wetenschap. 22, 899 (1920); (e)
F. C. Happold and A. Key, Biochem. J. 31, 1323 (1937); (/) K. L. Temple and A. R. Colmer, J. Bacteriol. 62, 605 (1951); (g) R. Wurmser,
"Oxydations et Reductions." Presses Univ. France, Paris, 1930; (h) K. R. Butlin, M. E. Adams, and M. Thomas, J. Gen. Microbiol. 3,
46 (1949); (i) J. R. Postgate, /. Gen. Microbiol. 14, 545 (1956).
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