TRANSPLANTATION OF CELL NUCLEI
29
one they have proposed. The cytoplasmically controlled characters
may result not from the activity of self-replicating cytoplasmic components, but rather from the activity of genes which are activated by
the foreign cytoplasm. It might be suggested that the transfer of a
TABLE IV
The nuclear or cytoplasmic determination of characters in
heterotransfer clones of Amoeba
Character
Reference
Size of nucleus
Shape of pseudopode
when moving
Rate of division
Reaction to onti-proteue
antiserum :
Toxicity
Shape
Division rate
Reaction to anti-discoides
antiserum :
Toxicity
Shape
Division rate
Streptomycin resistance
Acquired resistance of
surviving clone after
75% lethal dose of
antiserum
Nuclear diameter
Streptomycin resistance
a-alanine content of
amino acid pool
Interspecific clones
(Proteus nucleus and diecoidee
cytoplasm, and vice versa)
Cytoplasmic
Ί
Intermediate (slightly nearer
D a n i e l l i ( 1 9 5 9 )
cytoplasmic species) J
v
'
Intermediate (slightly nearer
Danielli et al,
cytoplasmic species)
( 1955)
Danielli (1958)
Cytoplasmic
Nuclear
Nuclear
Nuclear
Nuclear
Nuclear
Intermediate
Nuclear
Danielli et al,
(1955)
Danielli (1959)
Cole and Danielli
(1963)
Interstrain clones
(Nucleus of one strain and cytoplasm
of other, and vice versa)
Cytoplasmic
Cytoplasmic in some strains,
nuclear in other strains
Nuclear
Danielli (1958)
Cole and Danielli
(1963)
Hawkins and
Danielli (1961)
nucleus to a new kind of cytoplasm results in the activation of new
genes, and that these synthesize cytoplasmic substances which are
characteristic of the cytoplasmic species or strain, and which therefore
maintain the activity of the new genes. While this suggestion may well
prove to be wrong, it serves to show that the determination of charac-
29
one they have proposed. The cytoplasmically controlled characters
may result not from the activity of self-replicating cytoplasmic components, but rather from the activity of genes which are activated by
the foreign cytoplasm. It might be suggested that the transfer of a
TABLE IV
The nuclear or cytoplasmic determination of characters in
heterotransfer clones of Amoeba
Character
Reference
Size of nucleus
Shape of pseudopode
when moving
Rate of division
Reaction to onti-proteue
antiserum :
Toxicity
Shape
Division rate
Reaction to anti-discoides
antiserum :
Toxicity
Shape
Division rate
Streptomycin resistance
Acquired resistance of
surviving clone after
75% lethal dose of
antiserum
Nuclear diameter
Streptomycin resistance
a-alanine content of
amino acid pool
Interspecific clones
(Proteus nucleus and diecoidee
cytoplasm, and vice versa)
Cytoplasmic
Ί
Intermediate (slightly nearer
D a n i e l l i ( 1 9 5 9 )
cytoplasmic species) J
v
'
Intermediate (slightly nearer
Danielli et al,
cytoplasmic species)
( 1955)
Danielli (1958)
Cytoplasmic
Nuclear
Nuclear
Nuclear
Nuclear
Nuclear
Intermediate
Nuclear
Danielli et al,
(1955)
Danielli (1959)
Cole and Danielli
(1963)
Interstrain clones
(Nucleus of one strain and cytoplasm
of other, and vice versa)
Cytoplasmic
Cytoplasmic in some strains,
nuclear in other strains
Nuclear
Danielli (1958)
Cole and Danielli
(1963)
Hawkins and
Danielli (1961)
nucleus to a new kind of cytoplasm results in the activation of new
genes, and that these synthesize cytoplasmic substances which are
characteristic of the cytoplasmic species or strain, and which therefore
maintain the activity of the new genes. While this suggestion may well
prove to be wrong, it serves to show that the determination of charac-