584
E T I E N N E W O L F F
yolk and of cultivating it in an appropriate medium. Lutz and Dufaure
explanted blastoderms of a viviparous lizard into the medium similar
to that which had been used by Wolff and Haffen (1952) for the culture
of the organs of chick embryos. Removed at stages of five to seven
pairs of somites, the embryos continued to develop for 20 days and
showed differentiation of their principal systems. The same technique
also served for the culture of embryonic organs.
These techniques are only just beginning to be exploited. They should
clear the way for much experimental research on the embryology of rep tiles.
R E F E R E N C E S
Austin, C. R . and Bishop, M . W . (1957). Fertilization in mammals. Biol. Rev. 32, 296.
Barth, L. G. (1941). Neural differentiation without organizer. J. exp. Zool. 87, 371.
Barth, L. G. and Graff, S. (1938). T h e chemical nature o f the amphibian organizer.
Cold Spr. Harb. Symp. quant. Biol. 6, 385.
Bautzmann, H . (1929). U b e r Ziichtung von Organanlagenstucken junger Embryonalstadien von Urodelen und Anuren in Bombinator—Hautblaschen. S. B. ges.
Morph. Physiol. Miinchen 39, 38.
Bautzmann, H . , Holtfreter, J., Spemann, H., and M a n g o l d O . (1932). Versuche zur
Analyse der Induktionsmittel in der Embryonalentwicklung. Naturwissenschaften
20, 972.
Bellairs, R . (1951). Development o f early reptile embryos in vitro. Nature, Lond. 167,
687.
Brachet, A . (1913). Recherches sur le determinisme hereditaire de l'oeuf des
Mammiferes. Developpement "in vitro" de jeunes vesicules blastodermiques du
lapin. Arch. Biol. 28, 447.
Brachet, J. (1944). " E m b r y o l o g i e chimique." Masson, Paris.
Brachet, J. and Rapkine, L. (1939). Oxydation et reduction d'explantats dorsaux
et ventraux de gastrulas (Amphibiens). C.R. Soc. Biol., Paris 131, 789.
Braverman, M . H . (1961). Regional specificity o f inhibition within the chick brain.
J. Morph. 108, 263.
Celestino da Costa, A . and Pires Soares, J. (1932). Developpement d'embryons de
Mammiferes in vitro. C.R. Soc. Biol., Paris 113, 510.
Chang, M . C. (1959). Fertilization o f rabbit ova in vitro. Nature, Lond. 184, 466.
Clarke, R . B. and M c C a l l i o n , D . J . (1959). Specific inhibition o f neural differentiation
in the chick embryo. Canad. J. Zool. 37, 133.
Chuang, H . H . (1938). Spezifische Induktionsleistungen von Leber und Niere im
Explanations versuch. Biol. Z°l- 58, 472.
Devillers, Ch. (1947). Explantations in vitro de blastodermes de poissons (Salmo,
Esox). Experientia 3, 71.
Devillers, Ch. (1949). Explantations en milieu synthetique de blastodermes de truite
(Salmo irideus). J. Cytol. Embryol. Belgo. Neerland., 67.
Devillers, Ch., Colas, J. and Richard, L. (1957). Differenciation in vitro de blastodermes de Truite (Salmo irideus) depourvus de couche enveloppante. J.
Embryol. exp. Morph. 5, 264.
Durken, B. (1926). Das Verhalten embryonaler Zellen im Interplantat. Roux' Arch.
107, 727.
Ebert, J. D . (1950). A n analysis o f the effects o f anti-organ sera on the development,
in vitro, o f the early chick blastoderm. J. exp. Z°°l- H 5 , 351.
E T I E N N E W O L F F
yolk and of cultivating it in an appropriate medium. Lutz and Dufaure
explanted blastoderms of a viviparous lizard into the medium similar
to that which had been used by Wolff and Haffen (1952) for the culture
of the organs of chick embryos. Removed at stages of five to seven
pairs of somites, the embryos continued to develop for 20 days and
showed differentiation of their principal systems. The same technique
also served for the culture of embryonic organs.
These techniques are only just beginning to be exploited. They should
clear the way for much experimental research on the embryology of rep tiles.
R E F E R E N C E S
Austin, C. R . and Bishop, M . W . (1957). Fertilization in mammals. Biol. Rev. 32, 296.
Barth, L. G. (1941). Neural differentiation without organizer. J. exp. Zool. 87, 371.
Barth, L. G. and Graff, S. (1938). T h e chemical nature o f the amphibian organizer.
Cold Spr. Harb. Symp. quant. Biol. 6, 385.
Bautzmann, H . (1929). U b e r Ziichtung von Organanlagenstucken junger Embryonalstadien von Urodelen und Anuren in Bombinator—Hautblaschen. S. B. ges.
Morph. Physiol. Miinchen 39, 38.
Bautzmann, H . , Holtfreter, J., Spemann, H., and M a n g o l d O . (1932). Versuche zur
Analyse der Induktionsmittel in der Embryonalentwicklung. Naturwissenschaften
20, 972.
Bellairs, R . (1951). Development o f early reptile embryos in vitro. Nature, Lond. 167,
687.
Brachet, A . (1913). Recherches sur le determinisme hereditaire de l'oeuf des
Mammiferes. Developpement "in vitro" de jeunes vesicules blastodermiques du
lapin. Arch. Biol. 28, 447.
Brachet, J. (1944). " E m b r y o l o g i e chimique." Masson, Paris.
Brachet, J. and Rapkine, L. (1939). Oxydation et reduction d'explantats dorsaux
et ventraux de gastrulas (Amphibiens). C.R. Soc. Biol., Paris 131, 789.
Braverman, M . H . (1961). Regional specificity o f inhibition within the chick brain.
J. Morph. 108, 263.
Celestino da Costa, A . and Pires Soares, J. (1932). Developpement d'embryons de
Mammiferes in vitro. C.R. Soc. Biol., Paris 113, 510.
Chang, M . C. (1959). Fertilization o f rabbit ova in vitro. Nature, Lond. 184, 466.
Clarke, R . B. and M c C a l l i o n , D . J . (1959). Specific inhibition o f neural differentiation
in the chick embryo. Canad. J. Zool. 37, 133.
Chuang, H . H . (1938). Spezifische Induktionsleistungen von Leber und Niere im
Explanations versuch. Biol. Z°l- 58, 472.
Devillers, Ch. (1947). Explantations in vitro de blastodermes de poissons (Salmo,
Esox). Experientia 3, 71.
Devillers, Ch. (1949). Explantations en milieu synthetique de blastodermes de truite
(Salmo irideus). J. Cytol. Embryol. Belgo. Neerland., 67.
Devillers, Ch., Colas, J. and Richard, L. (1957). Differenciation in vitro de blastodermes de Truite (Salmo irideus) depourvus de couche enveloppante. J.
Embryol. exp. Morph. 5, 264.
Durken, B. (1926). Das Verhalten embryonaler Zellen im Interplantat. Roux' Arch.
107, 727.
Ebert, J. D . (1950). A n analysis o f the effects o f anti-organ sera on the development,
in vitro, o f the early chick blastoderm. J. exp. Z°°l- H 5 , 351.