VIII. METHODS FOR TYPING MYCOBACTERIA
373
response of bacteria to other strains of phage, frequently inhibiting lysis,
or modifying the phage typing pattern.
It would be good policy to check for temperate phage in all strains of
mycobacteria that are resistant to phages that lyse closely related strains.
This is easily accomplished by plating such strains on indicator bacteria
susceptible to many of the phages used in typing. The use of ultraviolet
light, or chemical inducers such as Mitomycin C, azaguanine or nitrosoguanidine, will increase the possibility of isolating phage. A defective
prophage may be indicated when bacteria are lysed with a virulent phage
following which a large number of variant phages are found (Mankiewicz
and Redmond, 1968).
REFERENCES
Adams, M. H. (1959). “Bacteriophages”. Interscience, New York.
Baess, I. (1966). Am. Rev. resp. Dis. 93, 622-623.
Baess, I. (1969). Acta path. microbiol. scund. 76, 464-474.
Bailey, R. K., Wyles, S., Dingley, M., Hesse, F. and Kent, G. W. (1970). A m . Rev.
Bates, J. H. and Fitzhugh, J. K. (1967). Am. Rev. resp. Dis. 96, 7-10.
Bates, J. H. and Mitchison, D. A. (1969). A m . Rev. resp. Dis. 100, 189-193.
Bhatia, A. L., Csillag, M., Mitchison, D. A., Selkon, J. B., Somasundaram, P. R.
Bowman, B. U. (1958). J. Bact. 76, 52-62.
Bowman, B. U. and Redmond, W. B. (1959). A m . Rev. resp. Dis. 80, 232-239.
Buraczewska, M., Manowska, W. and Rdultowska, H. (1971). A m . Rev. resp. Dis.
Buraczewska, M., Kwiatkowski, B., Manowska, W. and Rdultowska, H. (1972).
Campbell-Renton, M. L. (1941). J. Path. Buct. 53, 371-384.
Carne, H. R. and Greaves, R. I. N. (1974). J. Hyg. (Cumb.) 72, 467470.
Caroli, G., Mazzarone, R. and Lauro, P. (1967). W.H.O.
Cater, J. C. and Redmond, W. B. (1961). Symposium on Bacteriophage of Macobacteria, Bilthoren, the Netherlands, pp. 32-34.
Clark, W. A. (1962). Appl. Microbiol. 10, 466471.
Clark, W. A. (1970). I n “Culture Collections of Micro-organisms” (H. Tizuka and
Clark, W. A., Horneland, W. and Klein, A. G. (1962). Appl. Microbiol. 10,463465.
Clark, W. A. and Klein, A. (1966). Cryobiology 3, 68-75.
Davies, J. D. and Kelly, M. J. (1969). J. Hyg. (Cumb.) 67, 573-583.
Dickinson, J. M., Lefford, M. J., Lloyd, J. and Mitchison, D. A. (1963). Tubercle
Dubina, J., Sula, L. and Slosarek, M. (1974). Stud. Pneumol. Phtisiol. Cechoslov.
Dubos, R. (1954). Am. Rev. Tziberc. 70, 391401.
Edson, N. I,. (1951). Ract. Rev. 15, 147-182.
Engel, H. W. B., Smith, I,. and Benvald, L. G. (1974). Am. Rev. re$. Dis. 109,
resp. Dis. 101, 430431.
and Subbaiah, T. V. (1961). Bull. W l d Hlth Org. 25, 313-322.
104, 760-762.
A m . Rev. resp. Dis. 105, 22-29.
T. Hasegawa, Eds), pp. 309-318.
44,446451.
34, 617-620.
561-566.
373
response of bacteria to other strains of phage, frequently inhibiting lysis,
or modifying the phage typing pattern.
It would be good policy to check for temperate phage in all strains of
mycobacteria that are resistant to phages that lyse closely related strains.
This is easily accomplished by plating such strains on indicator bacteria
susceptible to many of the phages used in typing. The use of ultraviolet
light, or chemical inducers such as Mitomycin C, azaguanine or nitrosoguanidine, will increase the possibility of isolating phage. A defective
prophage may be indicated when bacteria are lysed with a virulent phage
following which a large number of variant phages are found (Mankiewicz
and Redmond, 1968).
REFERENCES
Adams, M. H. (1959). “Bacteriophages”. Interscience, New York.
Baess, I. (1966). Am. Rev. resp. Dis. 93, 622-623.
Baess, I. (1969). Acta path. microbiol. scund. 76, 464-474.
Bailey, R. K., Wyles, S., Dingley, M., Hesse, F. and Kent, G. W. (1970). A m . Rev.
Bates, J. H. and Fitzhugh, J. K. (1967). Am. Rev. resp. Dis. 96, 7-10.
Bates, J. H. and Mitchison, D. A. (1969). A m . Rev. resp. Dis. 100, 189-193.
Bhatia, A. L., Csillag, M., Mitchison, D. A., Selkon, J. B., Somasundaram, P. R.
Bowman, B. U. (1958). J. Bact. 76, 52-62.
Bowman, B. U. and Redmond, W. B. (1959). A m . Rev. resp. Dis. 80, 232-239.
Buraczewska, M., Manowska, W. and Rdultowska, H. (1971). A m . Rev. resp. Dis.
Buraczewska, M., Kwiatkowski, B., Manowska, W. and Rdultowska, H. (1972).
Campbell-Renton, M. L. (1941). J. Path. Buct. 53, 371-384.
Carne, H. R. and Greaves, R. I. N. (1974). J. Hyg. (Cumb.) 72, 467470.
Caroli, G., Mazzarone, R. and Lauro, P. (1967). W.H.O.
Cater, J. C. and Redmond, W. B. (1961). Symposium on Bacteriophage of Macobacteria, Bilthoren, the Netherlands, pp. 32-34.
Clark, W. A. (1962). Appl. Microbiol. 10, 466471.
Clark, W. A. (1970). I n “Culture Collections of Micro-organisms” (H. Tizuka and
Clark, W. A., Horneland, W. and Klein, A. G. (1962). Appl. Microbiol. 10,463465.
Clark, W. A. and Klein, A. (1966). Cryobiology 3, 68-75.
Davies, J. D. and Kelly, M. J. (1969). J. Hyg. (Cumb.) 67, 573-583.
Dickinson, J. M., Lefford, M. J., Lloyd, J. and Mitchison, D. A. (1963). Tubercle
Dubina, J., Sula, L. and Slosarek, M. (1974). Stud. Pneumol. Phtisiol. Cechoslov.
Dubos, R. (1954). Am. Rev. Tziberc. 70, 391401.
Edson, N. I,. (1951). Ract. Rev. 15, 147-182.
Engel, H. W. B., Smith, I,. and Benvald, L. G. (1974). Am. Rev. re$. Dis. 109,
resp. Dis. 101, 430431.
and Subbaiah, T. V. (1961). Bull. W l d Hlth Org. 25, 313-322.
104, 760-762.
A m . Rev. resp. Dis. 105, 22-29.
T. Hasegawa, Eds), pp. 309-318.
44,446451.
34, 617-620.
561-566.