SUBJECT INDEX
571
Egyptian desert, see also Sahara Desert
algae of, 177
climate, 225
fungi of, 201
gypsum in, 56
lichens of, 189
microorganisms of, 72
vegetation of, 218-219
water activity in, 318
Elephant, skeleton of, 110
Elephant tree, 500
Elytra, water loss and, 362-363
Endemism
of lichens, 191
of Saharan vegetation, 135-136
Ennoyages, 108
Entisols, 36-37, 47
Eremiaphila, microclimates and, 156
Ergs, 37, 47, 79, 124, 126-127
vegetation of, 150-151
Erosion
pipings and, 51
by wind, 52
Europe
saline soils of, 275, 277
vegetation of, 262-263
Evaporation, 11
of groundwater, 16-18
in Sahara Desert, 121-122
Evaporative cooling, 352-356
Evergreen oaks, 267
Excretion, water loss through, 328, 330
Excretory system, of insects, 316
Eye, of fishes, 405, 409
F
Fairy duster, 506
Fathead minnow, 406
Fauna
near plants, 156
of Sahara Desert, 112
of Sonoran Desert, 502-504, 507,
510-511
Feathers, 514, 516
Feeding, in fishes, 465-470
Feldspar, 47
Fensterpflanzen, 177
Ferns, 264-265
Ferric hydroxide, 48
Firebrat
cuticle permeability in, 320
tolerance of high temperature, 348
water vapor absorption in, 340,
342-343
Fishes, 385-387
activity cycles, 445-450
biotic interactions, 450-454
broad distributional relations, 442-445
current and turbulence and, 400-404
delayed hatching in, 463-465
dispersion of, 433-438
dissolved gases and, 427-433
drought and desiccation and, 405-408
environments of, 387-399
changes in, 439-442
morphology and, 461-463
foods and feeding, 465-470
hydrogen-ion concentration and,
420-421
light and, 408-410, 445, 457-459, 460,
463, see also Day length
ovum and larval ecology, 460-461
in Piman diet, 514
salinity and, 421-427
sexual cycles and behavior, 454-460
skin, 438
solids and sedimentation and, 404-405
of Sonoran Desert, 504, 511
temperature and, 410-420
Fishing, 516, 524
Sand Papagos and, 514
Flannelmouth sucker, 439
Flea, water vapor absorption in, 340
Flies, 312
Flooding, 400
effect on fishes, 400-403, 454-455, 456
Florida, ferns of, 265
Flour moth, 336
Flow equations, applications, 7-11
Fluvents, 37
Fog
salt deposited by, 278
vegetation and, 264
Foggara, 131-132
Foothill palo verde, 500, 506
Forestation, 222
Frankincense, 548
French Somaliland, soils of, 70, 79-80
Fruits, of desert plants, 149
571
Egyptian desert, see also Sahara Desert
algae of, 177
climate, 225
fungi of, 201
gypsum in, 56
lichens of, 189
microorganisms of, 72
vegetation of, 218-219
water activity in, 318
Elephant, skeleton of, 110
Elephant tree, 500
Elytra, water loss and, 362-363
Endemism
of lichens, 191
of Saharan vegetation, 135-136
Ennoyages, 108
Entisols, 36-37, 47
Eremiaphila, microclimates and, 156
Ergs, 37, 47, 79, 124, 126-127
vegetation of, 150-151
Erosion
pipings and, 51
by wind, 52
Europe
saline soils of, 275, 277
vegetation of, 262-263
Evaporation, 11
of groundwater, 16-18
in Sahara Desert, 121-122
Evaporative cooling, 352-356
Evergreen oaks, 267
Excretion, water loss through, 328, 330
Excretory system, of insects, 316
Eye, of fishes, 405, 409
F
Fairy duster, 506
Fathead minnow, 406
Fauna
near plants, 156
of Sahara Desert, 112
of Sonoran Desert, 502-504, 507,
510-511
Feathers, 514, 516
Feeding, in fishes, 465-470
Feldspar, 47
Fensterpflanzen, 177
Ferns, 264-265
Ferric hydroxide, 48
Firebrat
cuticle permeability in, 320
tolerance of high temperature, 348
water vapor absorption in, 340,
342-343
Fishes, 385-387
activity cycles, 445-450
biotic interactions, 450-454
broad distributional relations, 442-445
current and turbulence and, 400-404
delayed hatching in, 463-465
dispersion of, 433-438
dissolved gases and, 427-433
drought and desiccation and, 405-408
environments of, 387-399
changes in, 439-442
morphology and, 461-463
foods and feeding, 465-470
hydrogen-ion concentration and,
420-421
light and, 408-410, 445, 457-459, 460,
463, see also Day length
ovum and larval ecology, 460-461
in Piman diet, 514
salinity and, 421-427
sexual cycles and behavior, 454-460
skin, 438
solids and sedimentation and, 404-405
of Sonoran Desert, 504, 511
temperature and, 410-420
Fishing, 516, 524
Sand Papagos and, 514
Flannelmouth sucker, 439
Flea, water vapor absorption in, 340
Flies, 312
Flooding, 400
effect on fishes, 400-403, 454-455, 456
Florida, ferns of, 265
Flour moth, 336
Flow equations, applications, 7-11
Fluvents, 37
Fog
salt deposited by, 278
vegetation and, 264
Foggara, 131-132
Foothill palo verde, 500, 506
Forestation, 222
Frankincense, 548
French Somaliland, soils of, 70, 79-80
Fruits, of desert plants, 149