C H A P T E R V I
DESERT ARTHROPODS
E. B. Edney
I. Introduction
312
II. The Insect Organization
314
III. Water Balance
316
A. Water in the Environment
316
B. Loss of Water through the Cuticle
319
C. Loss of Water through the Spiracles
324
D. Water Loss in Excretion and Defecation
328
E. Reabsorption of Water from the Rectal Lumen
332
F. Gain of Water by Eating and by Drinking
336
G. Oxidation Water
337
H. Oxidation Water and the Migration of Locusts
338
I. Gain of Water by Cutaneous Absorption
339
J. Absorption of Water Vapor
340
K. Osmoregulation in the Sand Roach Arenivaga
344
L. The Energetics of Water Vapor Absorption
346
IV. Tolerance of Water Depletion and of High Temperatures
347
V. Body Temperature in the Field
349
A. General Considerations
349
B. Body Temperature and Thermal Balance
350
C. Evaporative Cooling in Isopods
352
D. Evaporative Cooling in Insects
354
VI. Morphological Adaptations, Including Surface Color
356
VII. Phenology and Behavior
363
A. Phenology of Locusts
364
B. Activity Rhythms
365
VIII. Conclusion
371
IX. Summary
372
References
374
Go to the ant, thou sluggard;
Consider her ways, and be wise.
Proverbs 7:6
311