Contents
An Overview of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
(IPCC) and Its Process of Science Assessment
1
Sir John Houghton
1 Background
1
2 Formation of the IPCC
2
3 The IPCC 1990 Report
3
4 Ownership by Scientists and by Goverments
4
5 The Science Policy Interface
5
6 IPCC’s Work in Science Applications and in Social Sciences
6
7 The 1992, 1994 and 1995 IPCC Reports
7
8 Attacks on the IPCC
8
9 The FCCC and the IPCC
9
10 The Third Assessment Report
11
11 The Future Work of the IPCC
17
12 The IPCC in the Context of Other Global Issues
19
13 Acknowledgements
20
A Perspective on Global Air Pollution Problems
21
Johan C. I. Kuylenstierna, W. Kevin Hicks and Michael J. Chadwick
1 Introduction
21
2 Impacts of Air Pollution
25
3 The Regional Status of Air Pollution
36
4 Policy Development for Air Pollution Abatement
45
5 Initiatives to Improve Urban Air Quality in Developing
Countries
53
6 Future Action
55
Influence of Climate Variability and Change on the Structure,
Dynamics and Exploitation of Marine Ecosystems
57
Manuel Barange
1 Introduction: the Global Ocean’s Response to Climate Variability
and Change
57
2 Climate Variability and Change: Coupling Atmospheric and
Biological Processes in the Ocean
63
Issues in Environmental Science and Technology, No. 17
Global Environmental Change
© The Royal Society of Chemistry, 2002
vii
An Overview of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
(IPCC) and Its Process of Science Assessment
1
Sir John Houghton
1 Background
1
2 Formation of the IPCC
2
3 The IPCC 1990 Report
3
4 Ownership by Scientists and by Goverments
4
5 The Science Policy Interface
5
6 IPCC’s Work in Science Applications and in Social Sciences
6
7 The 1992, 1994 and 1995 IPCC Reports
7
8 Attacks on the IPCC
8
9 The FCCC and the IPCC
9
10 The Third Assessment Report
11
11 The Future Work of the IPCC
17
12 The IPCC in the Context of Other Global Issues
19
13 Acknowledgements
20
A Perspective on Global Air Pollution Problems
21
Johan C. I. Kuylenstierna, W. Kevin Hicks and Michael J. Chadwick
1 Introduction
21
2 Impacts of Air Pollution
25
3 The Regional Status of Air Pollution
36
4 Policy Development for Air Pollution Abatement
45
5 Initiatives to Improve Urban Air Quality in Developing
Countries
53
6 Future Action
55
Influence of Climate Variability and Change on the Structure,
Dynamics and Exploitation of Marine Ecosystems
57
Manuel Barange
1 Introduction: the Global Ocean’s Response to Climate Variability
and Change
57
2 Climate Variability and Change: Coupling Atmospheric and
Biological Processes in the Ocean
63
Issues in Environmental Science and Technology, No. 17
Global Environmental Change
© The Royal Society of Chemistry, 2002
vii