References
487
Detmer, A.E., and U.V. Bathman (1997) Distribution patterns of autotrophic pico- and nanoplankton and their relative contribution to algal biomass during spring in the Atlantic sector of the
Southern Ocean. Deep-Sea Res. II. 44, 299–320.
Dickey, T., et al. (1994) Bio-optical and physical variability in the subarctic North Atlantic Ocean
during the spring of 1989. J. Geophys. Res. 99, 22541–22556.
Dickey, T., et al. (2001) Physical and biogeochemical variability from hours to years at the BATS
site; June 1994–March 1998. Deep-Sea Res. II. 48, 2105–2140.
Dickie, L., and Trites, R. (1983) The Gulf of St. Lawrence. In—Estuaries and Enclosed Seas
(B.H. Ketchum, Ed.), pp. 403–425. Elsevier, Amsterdam.
Dickinson, W.R. (2003) The place and power of myth in geoscience. Am. J. Sci. 303(9), 856–864.
Dickson, R. (1983) Global summaries and inter-comparisons; flow statistics from long-term
current meter moorings. In—Eddies in Marine Science (A.R. Robinson, Ed.), pp. 278–328.
Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Dickson, R. (2003) Stirring times in the North Atlantic. Nature (Lond.). 424, 152–156.
Dickson, R., et al. (1988) North winds and production in the eastern North Atlantic. J. Plankton
Res. 10, 151–169.
Dietrich, G. (1964) Oceanic polar front survey. Res. Geophys. 2, 291–308.
Dietrich, G., et al. (1970) General Oceanography. Wiley, New York.
DiMarco, S.F., et al. (2000) Satellite observations of upwelling on the continental shelf south of
Madagascar. Geophys. Res. Lett. 27, 3965–3968.
DiTullio, G.R., and W.O. Smith (1996) Spatial patterns in phytoplankton biomass and pigment
distributions in the Ross Sea. J. Geophys. Res. 101, 18467–18477.
Dodimead, A.J., et al. (1967) Review of the oceanography of the North Pacific. Bull. Int. North
Pacific Fish. Comm. 13, 1–195.
Donaghey, P.L., et al. (1991) The role of episodic atmospheric nutrient inputs in the chemical and
biological dynamics of oceanic ecosystems. Oceanography. 4, 62–70.
Dorgham, M.M., and A. Moftah (1989) Environmental conditions and phytoplankton distribution
in the Arabian Gulf and Gulf of Oman, September 1986. J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. India. 31, 36–53.
Dorman, C.E., and D.P. Palmer (1981) Southern California summer coastal upwelling. In—Coastal
Upwelling (F.A. Richards, Ed.), pp. 44–56. American Geophysical Union, Washington, D.C.
Dower, K., and M.I. Lucas (1993) Photosynthesis-irradiance relationships and production associated
with a warm-core ring shed from the Agulhas Retroflection south of Africa. Mar. Ecol. Prog.
Ser. 95, 141–154.
Doyon, P., et al. (2000) Influence of wind mixing and upper-layer stratification on phytoplankton
biomass in the Gulf of St. Lawrence. Deep-Sea Res. II. 47, 415–433.
Dubischar, C.D., and U.V. Bathman (1997) Grazing impact of copepods and salps on phytoplankton
in the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean. Deep-Sea Res. II. 44, 415–433.
Dubischar, C.D., et al. (2002) High summer abundances of small pelagic copepods at the Antarctic
Polar Front—implications for ecosystem dynamics. Deep-Sea Res. II. 49, 3871–3887.
Duce, R.A., and N.W. Tindale (1991) Atmospheric transport of iron and its deposition in the
ocean. Limnol. Oceanogr. 38, 1715–1726.
Duce, R.A., et al. (1991) The atmospheric input of trace species to the world ocean. Global
Biogeochem. Cycles. 5, 193–259.
Ducklow, H.W., and R.P. Harris (1993) Introduction to the JGOFS North Atlantic study. Deep-Sea
Res. II. 40, 1–8.
Ducklow, H.W., et al. (1995) Bacterioplankton dynamics in the Equatorial Pacific during the 1992
El Niño. Deep-Sea Res. II. 42, 621–638.
Dufour, P., and J.-M. Stretta (1973) Production primaire, biomasses du phytoplankton et du
zooplankton dans l’Alantique tropical sud, le long de la Meridian 4
W. Cah. ORSTOM, sér.
Océanogr. 11, 419–429.
Dugdale, R.C., et al. (2002) Meridional asymmetry of source nutrients to the equatorial Pacific
upwelling ecosystem and its potential impact on ocean-atmosphere CO 2 flux. Deep-Sea
Res. II. 49, 2513–2531.
Duineveld, G.C.A., et al. (1991) The macrobenthos of the North Sea. Neth. J. Sea Res. 28, 53–65.
Dunbar, M.J. (1979) The relation between the oceans. In—Zoogeography and Diversity of Plankton
(S. van der Spoel and A.C. Pierrot-Bults, Eds.), pp. 112–125. Bunge Scientific, Utrecht, The
Netherlands.
487
Detmer, A.E., and U.V. Bathman (1997) Distribution patterns of autotrophic pico- and nanoplankton and their relative contribution to algal biomass during spring in the Atlantic sector of the
Southern Ocean. Deep-Sea Res. II. 44, 299–320.
Dickey, T., et al. (1994) Bio-optical and physical variability in the subarctic North Atlantic Ocean
during the spring of 1989. J. Geophys. Res. 99, 22541–22556.
Dickey, T., et al. (2001) Physical and biogeochemical variability from hours to years at the BATS
site; June 1994–March 1998. Deep-Sea Res. II. 48, 2105–2140.
Dickie, L., and Trites, R. (1983) The Gulf of St. Lawrence. In—Estuaries and Enclosed Seas
(B.H. Ketchum, Ed.), pp. 403–425. Elsevier, Amsterdam.
Dickinson, W.R. (2003) The place and power of myth in geoscience. Am. J. Sci. 303(9), 856–864.
Dickson, R. (1983) Global summaries and inter-comparisons; flow statistics from long-term
current meter moorings. In—Eddies in Marine Science (A.R. Robinson, Ed.), pp. 278–328.
Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Dickson, R. (2003) Stirring times in the North Atlantic. Nature (Lond.). 424, 152–156.
Dickson, R., et al. (1988) North winds and production in the eastern North Atlantic. J. Plankton
Res. 10, 151–169.
Dietrich, G. (1964) Oceanic polar front survey. Res. Geophys. 2, 291–308.
Dietrich, G., et al. (1970) General Oceanography. Wiley, New York.
DiMarco, S.F., et al. (2000) Satellite observations of upwelling on the continental shelf south of
Madagascar. Geophys. Res. Lett. 27, 3965–3968.
DiTullio, G.R., and W.O. Smith (1996) Spatial patterns in phytoplankton biomass and pigment
distributions in the Ross Sea. J. Geophys. Res. 101, 18467–18477.
Dodimead, A.J., et al. (1967) Review of the oceanography of the North Pacific. Bull. Int. North
Pacific Fish. Comm. 13, 1–195.
Donaghey, P.L., et al. (1991) The role of episodic atmospheric nutrient inputs in the chemical and
biological dynamics of oceanic ecosystems. Oceanography. 4, 62–70.
Dorgham, M.M., and A. Moftah (1989) Environmental conditions and phytoplankton distribution
in the Arabian Gulf and Gulf of Oman, September 1986. J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. India. 31, 36–53.
Dorman, C.E., and D.P. Palmer (1981) Southern California summer coastal upwelling. In—Coastal
Upwelling (F.A. Richards, Ed.), pp. 44–56. American Geophysical Union, Washington, D.C.
Dower, K., and M.I. Lucas (1993) Photosynthesis-irradiance relationships and production associated
with a warm-core ring shed from the Agulhas Retroflection south of Africa. Mar. Ecol. Prog.
Ser. 95, 141–154.
Doyon, P., et al. (2000) Influence of wind mixing and upper-layer stratification on phytoplankton
biomass in the Gulf of St. Lawrence. Deep-Sea Res. II. 47, 415–433.
Dubischar, C.D., and U.V. Bathman (1997) Grazing impact of copepods and salps on phytoplankton
in the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean. Deep-Sea Res. II. 44, 415–433.
Dubischar, C.D., et al. (2002) High summer abundances of small pelagic copepods at the Antarctic
Polar Front—implications for ecosystem dynamics. Deep-Sea Res. II. 49, 3871–3887.
Duce, R.A., and N.W. Tindale (1991) Atmospheric transport of iron and its deposition in the
ocean. Limnol. Oceanogr. 38, 1715–1726.
Duce, R.A., et al. (1991) The atmospheric input of trace species to the world ocean. Global
Biogeochem. Cycles. 5, 193–259.
Ducklow, H.W., and R.P. Harris (1993) Introduction to the JGOFS North Atlantic study. Deep-Sea
Res. II. 40, 1–8.
Ducklow, H.W., et al. (1995) Bacterioplankton dynamics in the Equatorial Pacific during the 1992
El Niño. Deep-Sea Res. II. 42, 621–638.
Dufour, P., and J.-M. Stretta (1973) Production primaire, biomasses du phytoplankton et du
zooplankton dans l’Alantique tropical sud, le long de la Meridian 4
W. Cah. ORSTOM, sér.
Océanogr. 11, 419–429.
Dugdale, R.C., et al. (2002) Meridional asymmetry of source nutrients to the equatorial Pacific
upwelling ecosystem and its potential impact on ocean-atmosphere CO 2 flux. Deep-Sea
Res. II. 49, 2513–2531.
Duineveld, G.C.A., et al. (1991) The macrobenthos of the North Sea. Neth. J. Sea Res. 28, 53–65.
Dunbar, M.J. (1979) The relation between the oceans. In—Zoogeography and Diversity of Plankton
(S. van der Spoel and A.C. Pierrot-Bults, Eds.), pp. 112–125. Bunge Scientific, Utrecht, The
Netherlands.